Spending · subcategory
General science and basic research
Part of Science, space & technology. FY2025 net outlays: $18.4B, 44% of the category and 0.26% of all federal spending. The largest program is Science ($8.54B).
$18.4B
FY2025 net outlays
44%
of Science, space & technology
+5.5%
change from FY2024 ($17.4B)
9
programs (accounts) with FY2025 spending
Every program
9 accounts with FY2025 spending in General science and basic research, largest first. Hover or tap a bar for details.
Mandatory (set by standing law)Discretionary (set by yearly appropriations)
How the total adds up
| Programs (the 9 accounts above) | $18.4B |
| Offsets: premiums, fees, loan repayments, and other collections (1 accounts) | −$26M |
| Net outlays, matching OMB Historical Table 3.2 | $18.4B |
The largest offsets
| Donations, National Science Foundation National Science Foundation | −$26M |
All programs, sortable
Sparklines show each program in 2025 dollars, FY2000–2025.
| Program | Type | FY2024 | FY2025 | Change | FY2000–2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Science Energy Programs | Discretionary | $8.08B | $8.54B | +5.6% | |
| Research and Related Activities National Science Foundation | Discretionary | $7.26B | $7.62B | +4.9% | |
| STEM Education National Science Foundation | Discretionary | $1.35B | $1.41B | +4.7% | |
| Agency Operations and Award Management National Science Foundation | Discretionary | $464M | $476M | +2.6% | |
| Major Research Equipment and Facilities Construction National Science Foundation | Discretionary | $233M | $295M | +27% | |
| Office of Inspector General National Science Foundation | Discretionary | $24M | $24M | +0.0% | |
| Donations National Science Foundation | Mandatory | $15M | $16M | +6.7% | |
| Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Workforce and Education Fund National Science Foundation | Mandatory | $3M | $9M | +200% | |
| Office of the National Science Board National Science Foundation | Discretionary | $5M | $5M | +0.0% |
General science and basic research since 1993
Net outlays in 2025 dollars, fiscal years 1993–2025.